Rekonstruksi Pedagogi Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Digital: Pengembangan Model Islamic Digital-Spiritual Pedagogy bagi Generasi Z
Reconstructing Islamic Religious Education Pedagogy in the Digital Age: Developing the Islamic Digital-Spiritual Pedagogy Model for Generation Z
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65046/drs.v7i1.1052Abstract
The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed how students access religious knowledge, creating an urgent need to rethink Islamic Religious Education (IRE). However, prior studies have largely examined digital literacy, spirituality, and teacher competence as separate domains, resulting in the absence of an integrated pedagogical framework that explains their interrelationships. This study aims to synthesize existing research on the transformation of IRE in the era of technological disruption and to develop the conceptual model of Islamic Digital-Spiritual Pedagogy (IDSP). A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with meta-synthesis was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was performed through Google Scholar, covering articles published between 2018 and 2026, with inclusion limited to national journals accredited by the Science and Technology Index (SINTA) and indexed in Garba Rujukan Digital (GARUDA). Following the selection and quality appraisal process, 38 articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The meta-synthesis identified three overarching themes: the transformation of Generation Z characteristics, the reconstruction of teachers’ roles, and the development of the IDSP model. The findings indicate that transforming IRE requires the integration of digital religious literacy, spiritual internalization, and teachers' transformative agency. Based on these findings, this study proposes the IDSP model, which conceptualizes digital technology as part of a pedagogical ecosystem shaping students' religious knowledge, religious identity, and spiritual experiences. The proposed model provides a conceptual foundation for curriculum development, teacher professional development, and future empirical research on IRE in the digital era.
Keywords:
Systematic literature review, meta-synthesis, Islamic religious education, Generation Z, Islamic digital-spiritual pedagogyDownloads
References
Alhaddad, F., & Rahmatullah, A. (2026). Rekonstruksi pemikiran pendidikan Islam di era digital: Integrasi nilai spiritual dan literasi teknologi. As-Sulthan Journal of Education, 3(1), 652–659. https://ojssulthan.com/asje/article/view/805
Alisa, Q., & Manshur, A. (2025). Disrupsi digital dalam pendidikan agama Islam: Menimbang dampak, tantangan, dan strategi adaptasi di era masyarakat 5.0. Symfonia: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 5(2), 56–73. https://e-journal.uqi.ac.id/index.php/symfonia/id/article/view/1814
Amin, K., & Maisaroh, Y. (2026). Pedagogi digital Islami: Strategi inovatif pembelajaran PAI. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan, 4(3), 16428–16434. https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i3.3923
Anisah, A., & Irvani, A. (2024). Navigating faith in the digital age: The role of technology in shaping Gen-Z’s religious perspectives. Journal of Education, 2(4), 210–223. https://doi.org/10.61978/eduscape.v2i4.410
Aryani, L. A., Silpi, E., & Sari, H. P. (2025). Globalisasi dan transformasi pendidikan Islam: Menyongsong era digital. IHSAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(2), 426–434. https://doi.org/10.61104/ihsan.v3i2.931
Azis, A. R., & Rusydiyah, E. F. (2025). Literasi digital dalam pendidikan Islam: Menavigasi tantangan dan peluang media sosial untuk pembelajaran agama. An-Nahdlah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(1), 100–117. https://doi.org/10.51806/an-nahdlah.v5i1.729
Azmi, N. T. (2025). Rekonstruksi paradigma teologis dan pedagogis literasi Islam Wasathiyah dalam konteks krisis identitas keagamaan Generasi Z di era post-truth, Journal Sains Student Research, 3(6), 888–895. https://doi.org/10.61722/jssr.v3i6.6957
Basyar, S. (2025). Transformasi pedagogis pembelajaran sejarah Islam di era digital. Advances in Education Journal, 2(3), 1668–1678. https://journal.al-afif.org/index.php/aej/article/view/592
Budiarti, E., Aina, R. E., & Kamilda. (2022). Implementation patterns learning Quizizz game based problem-based learning as intrapersonal intelligence formation students Antasari State Islamic University. Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series, 5(2), 460–467. https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v5i2.59379
Butler, P. (2022). Digital spirituality as a technology of resistance. The Black Scholar, 52(3), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2022.2079070
Duryat, M. (2019). Opportunity pendidikan: Transformasi di era disrupsi dan revolusi industri 4.0. Gema Wiralodra, 10(1), 94. https://gemawiralodra.unwir.ac.id/index.php/gemawiralodra/article/view/13
Dwiraharjo, S., & Putrawan, B. K. (2026). The Trinity and cyber culture: Crafting theologically responsible analogies in the digital age. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 82(1), 11206. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v82i1.11206
Fauzi, A. R., Istikhori, I., & Rafli, M. (2025). Transformasi pendidikan Islam di era digital: Isu, tantangan, dan peluang. Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam, 3(6), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.61132/jmpai.v3i6.1466
Febrianto, M., & Muhid, A. (2025). Digital Da'wah for Generation Z: Strategies and Challenges in Building Spiritual Awarenes. Journal International Dakwah and Communication, 5(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.55849/jidc.v5i1.893
Firmansyah, M., Nadhiroh, Y. A., Alfani, I. H. D., & Arrazaq, Z. (2025). Transformasi pendidikan agama Islam di era digital: Tantangan dan peluang untuk generasi Z. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(01), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i01.23404
Firnando, H. G. (2023). Spiritualitas di era digital: Pengaruh teknologi terhadap pengalaman keagamaan masyarakat perspektif filsafat. NAHNU: Journal of Nahdlatul Ulama and Contemporary Islamic Studies, 1(2), 159–174. https://doi.org/10.63875/nahnu.v1i2.27
Hastini, L. Y., Fahmi, R., & Lukito, H. (2020). Apakah pembelajaran menggunakan teknologi dapat meningkatkan literasi manusia pada Generasi Z di Indonesia? Jurnal Manajemen Informatika (JAMIKA), 10(1), 12–28. 10.34010/jamika.v10i1.2678
Hermawan, T., & Fakhri, J. (2025). Moderasi beragama di era algoritma: Tantangan epistemologis dan implikasinya bagi pendidikan Islam Generasi Z. Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD FKIP Universitas Mandiri, 11, 212–226. https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v11i04.9897
Ilmy, M. I., Syahidin, S., & Hermawan, W. (2022). Guru pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah dan kesiapannya untuk menghadapi era disrupsi. Jurnal Syntax Transformation, 3(7), 1001–1008. 10.46799/jst.v3i7.583
Jamaluddin, A. (2026). Islamic religious education learning for Gen Z in the synergy of independent curriculum digitalization and teacher education reconstruction. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 7(3), 823–838. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v7i3.2998
Khairunnisa, A. B., Nailah, M. K. H., Sari, M., Basyar, N., Destianti, A. F., Putri, A., & Choiriyah, C. (2025). Transformasi pendidikan agama Islam dalam meningkatkan karakter dan spiritualitas siswa di era digital dan global. Pengertian: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia (PJPI), 3(3), 379–386. https://ejournal.lapad.id/index.php/PJPI/article/view/1451
Khofifah, K., Putri, N. R., Jannah, F., & Astuti, N. Y. (2024). Peran teknologi dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Al-Affan, 10(1), 218–223. https://doi.org/10.69775/jpia.v4i2.215
Khusairi, A. (2025). Digital literacy: Strengthening Gen Z's character based on moderate Islam. Journal of Islamic and Social Studies, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.30983/islam_realitas.v11i1.9239
Lubis, M., & Asrin, A. (2025). Understanding the lived experience of digital spirituality among young adults. Irfana: Journal of Religious Studies, 1(12), 501–512. https://journals.ai-mrc.com/irfana/article/view/850
Lumbangaol, H., Manalu, C. S., Hutabarat, E. W., Simanjuntak, D. M., Manalu, F. Y., & Lubis, B. B. (2026). Literasi digital dalam transformasi ritual di era disrupsi. Jurnal Psikososial dan Pendidikan, 2(1), 1435–1440. https://publisherqu.com/index.php/psikosospen/article/view/4137
Mahmuda, S. M., & Mahbubi, M. (2025). Dampak literasi digital terhadap pengembangan karakter religius peserta didik dalam konteks pembelajaran PAI. Journal of Multidisciplinary in Islam, 1(2), 74–83. https://ejournal.institutsmb.id/index.php/JMI/article/view/30
Masrur, M., Zulfa, I. N., Afna, I. M., Putri, N. K., & Hasanah, N. L. (2025). Toleransi digital dan moderasi beragama Generasi Z di Indonesia: Analisis negosiasi nilai di ruang publik media sosial. Moderasi: Journal of Islamic Studies, 5(2), 765–780. 10.54471/moderasi.v5i2.125
Muhalli, M. (2023). Strategi optimalisasi pendidikan Islam dalam membentuk karakter Islami pada mahasiswa generasi Z. Attaqwa: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, 19(2), 307–315. https://doi.org/10.54069/attaqwa.v19i2.452
Munir, T., Sutrisno, S., & Lumingkewas, M. S. (2023). Internet and religion: Digital deities and technoshamanism changing our understanding of spirituality. Didache: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen, 4(2), 119–135. https://doi.org/10.55076/didache.v4i2.136
Musbaing, M. (2024). Kompetensi guru PAI di abad 21: Tantangan dan peluang dalam pendidikan berbasis teknologi. Jurnal Pendidikan Refleksi, 13(2), 315–324. https://p3i.my.id/index.php/refleksi/article/view/369
Muzaini, M. C., Prastowo, A., & Salamah, U. (2024). Peran teknologi pendidikan dalam kemajuan pendidikan Islam di abad ke-21. IHSAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 2(2), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.61104/ihsan.v2i2.214
Nasution, A. K. P. (2020). Integrasi media sosial dalam pembelajaran Generasi Z. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan, 13(1), 80–86. 10.24036/tip.v13i1.277
Nathania, A., & Octovian, F. M. (2024). Pengaruh perkembangan teknologi digital terhadap praktik keagamaan di kalangan Gen Z. Lentera Jurnal Manajemen, 2(3). https://lenterajurnalmanajemen.com/index.php/home/article/view/126
Nawawi, M. I. (2020). Pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap motivasi belajar: Tinjauan berdasarkan karakter Generasi Z. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 4(2), 197. https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v4i2.216
Ningrum, A. J., & Kholis, M. A. (2023). Modernisasi kehidupan spiritual (studi literatur terhadap agama digital di ruang digital). Jurnal Partisipatoris, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.22219/jp.v5i2.35150
Nuryana, Z. (2019). Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam pendidikan agama Islam. Tamaddun, 19(1) 75–86. https://doi.org/10.30587/tamaddun.v19i1.818
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Philips, G. (2025). Transformation of personal spirituality through digital technology: A systematic literature review. Focus, 6(2), 203–218. https://doi.org/10.26593/30ys8216
Qomariyah, Q., & Aisyah, N. (2026). Merekonstruksi manajemen pembelajaran Islam di era digital: Sinergi antara teknologi, guru, dan spiritualitas. Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan, 24(2), 250–263. https://doi.org/10.53515/alqodiri.v24i2.97
Rohili, R., & Nugraha, M. S. (2026). Integrasi media digital dalam pembelajaran PAI: Analisis tantangan dan peluang. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran dan Pendidikan, 2(1), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.66959/w92b5h33
Rusadi, B. E., & Aripin, S. (2023). Religious digital literacy of Islamic education students at Indonesia State Islamic University. TADRIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 18(1), 90–110. https://garuda.kemdiktisaintek.go.id/documents/detail/3567967
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
Saragih, E., Paramarta, V., Thungari, G. I., Kalangi, B., & Putri, K. M. (2023). Era disrupsi digital pada perkembangan teknologi di Indonesia. Transformasi: Journal of Economics and Business Management, 2(4), 141–149. 10.56444/transformasi.v2i4.1152
Shiliya, N. (2025). Inovasi model pembelajaran PAI di era digital (A. F. P. Artini, Ed.). PT Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup.
Shofiyuddin, A., Kholiluddin, T., & Achmad, N. (2025). Rekonstruksi integrasi agama, sains, dan teknologi dalam pengembangan pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di era digital. Al Aufa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kajian Keislaman, 7(2), 51–74. https://doi.org/10.32665/alaufa.v7i02.6283
Shomad F.N, A. A., & Zatadini, G. I. (2025). Pendampingan literasi digital pada generasi milenial sebagai penguatan moderasi beragama. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Pemberdayaan, Inovasi dan Perubahan, 5(1), 51–60. https://jurnal.penerbitwidina.com/index.php/JPMWidina/article/view/1010
Silvia, F., & Sofa, A. R. (2025). Analisis kebutuhan dalam perancangan pembelajaran PAI bagi Generasi Z di era digital. EJORI: Educational Journal of Indonesia, 1(2), 65–74. https://ojs.madaniaindonesia.com/index.php/EJORI/article/view/17
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Subowo, A. T. (2021). Membangun spiritualitas digital bagi Generasi Z. DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani, 5(2), 379–395. https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v5i2.464
Susetyo, M. B. (2026). Transformasi pedagogis pendidikan agama Islam: Inquiry Training Model sebagai katalis keterampilan abad ke-21. Journal of Educational and Religious Perspectives, 2(3), 19–28. https://jurnal-muqaddimah.or.id/index.php/Al-Muqaddimah/article/view/100
Suwahyu, I. (2024). Peran inovasi teknologi dalam transformasi pendidikan Islam di era digital. Referensi Islamika: Jurnal Studi Islam, 2(2), 28–41. https://ejournal.abcollab.id/index.php/RI/article/view/53
Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-8-45
Yahya, M. S. (2023). Transformasi pendidikan agama Islam di era digital: Implementasi literasi digital dalam pembelajaran di wilayah Banyumas. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 4(1), 609–616. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i1.317
Yulastri, R., Ramadhon, P., & Defriani, D. (2025). Integrasi Literasi Digital Islami dalam Pembelajaran PAI untuk Mencegah Dampak Negatif Media Sosial Pada Generasi Z. Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Islam, 3(6), 178–190. https://doi.org/10.61132/jbpai.v3i6.1657
Yusuf, B. (2024). Teknologi dan personalisasi pembelajaran pendidikan Islam untuk Generasi Z. Journal of Instructional and Development Researches, 4(4), 277–285. https://doi.org/10.53621/jider.v4i4.344
Zein, M. (2024). Transformasi pendidikan Islam di era digital: Tantangan dan solusi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. JIPDAS (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar), 2(3), 146–156. https://ejournal.lpipb.com/index.php/jipdas
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Makassar (FAI UIM) as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Makassar (FAI UIM) with an acknowledgment of initial publication in this journal.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) FAI UIM
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Makassar (FAI UIM) as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Makassar (FAI UIM) with an acknowledgment of initial publication in this journal.
